Filesystem

I always end up putting it all in Home anyway

/bin

Contains common linux command such as cp, ls and many others.

/boot

Things needed for the boot process of the system.

/dev

Contains files representing the devices in the system.

/etc

All the fun configuration files is here or in a subdirectory.

/home

Contains the home directories for each user.

/lib

/media

Directory where removable devices are mounted.

/mnt

/opt

/proc

/root

/sbin

/srv

/sys

/tmp

Temporary files used by running applications.

/usr

/var

http://tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy.html